| Glaucoma / recent eye surgery | All inversions (Shirsasana, Sarvangasana, Halasana) | Raises intraocular pressure | Legs-up-wall lite, restorative supine practice |
| Detached retina / high myopia | All inversions, intense Kapalbhati | Strain risk on retina | Forward folds with head supported only |
| Cervical spondylosis / disc | Shirsasana, Sarvangasana, deep neck rolls | Cervical compression risk | Half shoulderstand with chair, gentle Setu Bandhasana |
| Lumbar disc / sciatica (active) | Deep forward folds (Paschimottanasana), forced twists | Disc compression / nerve impingement | Supine knee-to-chest, gentle Cat-Cow, Apanasana |
| Severe osteoporosis | Deep forward folds, intense twists, jumping vinyasa | Vertebral compression fracture risk | Standing balance work, gentle backbends only |
| Knee injury / acute osteoarthritis | Forced lotus (Padmasana), deep squats (Malasana) | Knee ligament & cartilage stress | Cross-legged sitting with props, chair adaptations |
| Wrist injury / carpal tunnel | Repetitive Chaturanga, long planks | Wrist overload & tendinopathy | Forearm-supported variations, dolphin pose |
| Uncontrolled hypertension | All inversions, breath retention pranayama | BP spike during inversion | Anulom-Vilom no retention, gentle restorative |
| Vertigo / inner ear | Quick position changes, inversions | Triggers vertigo episodes | Slow ground-based practice, slow transitions |
| Pregnancy (any trimester) | Inversions, deep twists, prone poses (after T1), Bhastrika | Trimester-specific risks | Prenatal-specific sequence with gynaec clearance |
| Recent surgery (last 12 weeks) | Any vigorous practice, twists, inversions | Tissue healing time | Wait for surgeon clearance, then gentle restorative |
| Active sciatica flare | Forced forward folds, pigeon pose, deep hip openers | Aggravates nerve pain | Supine gentle hip work, modified poses |